mysql版本号5.6.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)在Linux平台的安装配置。
安装
准备工作
- 搜索服务器上mysql相关的包，
yum search mysql，CentOS 7将mysql数据库从默认的程序列表中移除，改用mariadb代替mysql：
[root@localhost ~]# yum search mysql
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
============================== N/S matched: mysql ==============================
MySQL-python.x86_64 : An interface to MySQL
akonadi-mysql.x86_64 : Akonadi MySQL backend support
apr-util-mysql.x86_64 : APR utility library MySQL DBD driver
dovecot-mysql.x86_64 : MySQL back end for dovecot
freeradius-mysql.x86_64 : MySQL support for freeradius
libdbi-dbd-mysql.x86_64 : MySQL plugin for libdbi
mysql-connector-java.noarch : Official JDBC driver for MySQL
mysql-connector-odbc.x86_64 : ODBC driver for MySQL
pcp-pmda-mysql.x86_64 : Performance Co-Pilot (PCP) metrics for MySQL
perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 : A MySQL interface for Perl
php-mysql.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use MySQL databases
php-mysqlnd.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use MySQL databases
qt-mysql.i686 : MySQL driver for Qt's SQL classes
qt-mysql.x86_64 : MySQL driver for Qt's SQL classes
qt3-MySQL.i686 : MySQL drivers for Qt 3's SQL classes
qt3-MySQL.x86_64 : MySQL drivers for Qt 3's SQL classes
qt5-qtbase-mysql.i686 : MySQL driver for Qt5's SQL classes
qt5-qtbase-mysql.x86_64 : MySQL driver for Qt5's SQL classes
redland-mysql.x86_64 : MySQL storage support for Redland
rsyslog-mysql.x86_64 : MySQL support for rsyslog
mariadb.x86_64 : A community developed branch of MySQL
mariadb-devel.i686 : Files for development of MariaDB/MySQL applications
mariadb-devel.x86_64 : Files for development of MariaDB/MySQL applications
mariadb-libs.x86_64 : The shared libraries required for MariaDB/MySQL clients
mariadb-libs.i686 : The shared libraries required for MariaDB/MySQL clients
名称和简介匹配 only，使用“search all”试试。
- 从mysql官网yum仓库下载rpm包，如下所示：
- 使用Bitvise SSH Client工具将下载的
mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm包复制到/usr/local/路径，复制完毕后查看该路径下是否有文件：
[root@localhost local]# ls -l
总用量 32
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 4096 6月 30 21:09 apache-tomcat-7.0.78
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 12 2015 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 12 2015 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 12 2015 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 12 2015 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 12 2015 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 12 2015 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 12 2015 libexec
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 25680 7月 2 11:10 mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 12 2015 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 46 6月 20 19:37 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 12
- 通过yum方式来安装本地rpm包，
yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm：
[root@localhost local]# yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
正在检查 mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm: mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch
mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm 将被安装
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql57-community-release.noarch.0.el7-11 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
base/7/x86_64 | 3.6 kB 00:00
extras/7/x86_64 | 3.4 kB 00:00
updates/7/x86_64 | 3.4 kB 00:00
依赖关系解决
================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
================================================================================
正在安装:
mysql57-community-release
noarch el7-11 /mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch 31 k
事务概要
================================================================================
安装 1 软件包
总计：31 k
安装大小：31 k
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
警告：RPM 数据库已被非 yum 程序修改。
正在安装 : mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch 1/1
验证中 : mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch 1/1
已安装:
mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-11
完毕！
- 查看mysql源是否安装成功，
yum repolist all | grep mysql：
[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist all | grep mysql
mysql-cluster-7.5-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community 禁用
mysql-cluster-7.5-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community - Sou 禁用
mysql-cluster-7.6-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community 禁用
mysql-cluster-7.6-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community - Sou 禁用
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 启用: 36
mysql-connectors-community-source MySQL Connectors Community - Sour 禁用
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 启用: 47
mysql-tools-community-source MySQL Tools Community - Source 禁用
mysql-tools-preview/x86_64 MySQL Tools Preview 禁用
mysql-tools-preview-source MySQL Tools Preview - Source 禁用
mysql55-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.5 Community Server 禁用
mysql55-community-source MySQL 5.5 Community Server - Sour 禁用
mysql56-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.6 Community Server 禁用
mysql56-community-source MySQL 5.6 Community Server - Sour 禁用
mysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Community Server 启用: 187
mysql57-community-source MySQL 5.7 Community Server - Sour 禁用
mysql80-community/x86_64 MySQL 8.0 Community Server 禁用
mysql80-community-source MySQL 8.0 Community Server - Sour 禁用
选择版本
- 可通过修改
/etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo，选择安装的mysql版本。例如，安装mysql 5.6版本时，将[mysql57-community]中的enabled=1改成enabled=0，再将[mysql56-community]中的enabled=0改成enabled=1，如下所示：
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vi mysql-community.repo
# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
[mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum repolist all | grep mysql
mysql-cluster-7.5-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community 禁用
mysql-cluster-7.5-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community - Sou 禁用
mysql-cluster-7.6-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community 禁用
mysql-cluster-7.6-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community - Sou 禁用
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 启用: 36
mysql-connectors-community-source MySQL Connectors Community - Sour 禁用
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 启用: 47
mysql-tools-community-source MySQL Tools Community - Source 禁用
mysql-tools-preview/x86_64 MySQL Tools Preview 禁用
mysql-tools-preview-source MySQL Tools Preview - Source 禁用
mysql55-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.5 Community Server 禁用
mysql55-community-source MySQL 5.5 Community Server - Sour 禁用
mysql56-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.6 Community Server 启用: 327
mysql56-community-source MySQL 5.6 Community Server - Sour 禁用
mysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Community Server 禁用
mysql57-community-source MySQL 5.7 Community Server - Sour 禁用
mysql80-community/x86_64 MySQL 8.0 Community Server 禁用
mysql80-community-source MySQL 8.0 Community Server - Sour 禁用
安装
- 安装mysql，
yum install mysql-community-server：
[root@localhost ~]# yum install mysql-community-server
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.hust.edu.cn
* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-server.x86_64.0.5.6.36-2.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.6.36-2.el7，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.6.10，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(DBI)，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-client.x86_64.0.5.6.36-2.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.6.10，它被软件包 mysql-community-client-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 mysql-community-common.x86_64.0.5.6.36-2.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 perl-DBI.x86_64.0.1.627-4.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(RPC::PlServer) >= 0.2001，它被软件包 perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(RPC::PlClient) >= 0.2000，它被软件包 perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mariadb-libs.x86_64.1.5.5.44-2.el7.centos 将被 取代
---> 软件包 mysql-community-libs.x86_64.0.5.6.36-2.el7 将被 舍弃
---> 软件包 perl-PlRPC.noarch.0.0.2020-14.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Net::Daemon) >= 0.13，它被软件包 perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Net::Daemon::Test)，它被软件包 perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Net::Daemon::Log)，它被软件包 perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Compress::Zlib)，它被软件包 perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 perl-IO-Compress.noarch.0.2.061-2.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Compress::Raw::Zlib) >= 2.061，它被软件包 perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 perl(Compress::Raw::Bzip2) >= 2.061，它被软件包 perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 需要
---> 软件包 perl-Net-Daemon.noarch.0.0.48-5.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64.0.2.061-3.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64.1.2.061-4.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
================================================================================
正在安装:
mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.6.36-2.el7 mysql56-community 2.0 M
替换 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos
mysql-community-server x86_64 5.6.36-2.el7 mysql56-community 59 M
为依赖而安装:
mysql-community-client x86_64 5.6.36-2.el7 mysql56-community 19 M
mysql-community-common x86_64 5.6.36-2.el7 mysql56-community 257 k
perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2 x86_64 2.061-3.el7 base 32 k
perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 base 57 k
perl-DBI x86_64 1.627-4.el7 base 802 k
perl-IO-Compress noarch 2.061-2.el7 base 260 k
perl-Net-Daemon noarch 0.48-5.el7 base 51 k
perl-PlRPC noarch 0.2020-14.el7 base 36 k
事务概要
================================================================================
安装 2 软件包 (+8 依赖软件包)
总计：82 M
总下载量：79 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
No Presto metadata available for mysql56-community
警告：/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql56-community/packages/mysql-community-client-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
mysql-community-client-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64.rpm 的公钥尚未安装
(1/2): mysql-community-client-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 19 MB 00:31
mysql-community-server-5.6.36- FAILED
http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
正在尝试其它镜像。
(2/2): mysql-community-server-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 59 MB 00:43
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计 377 kB/s | 79 MB 03:33
从 file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql 检索密钥
导入 GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
用户ID : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>"
指纹 : a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5
软件包 : mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch (@/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch)
来自 : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
是否继续？[y/N]：y
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
正在安装 : mysql-community-common-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64 1/11
正在安装 : mysql-community-libs-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64 2/11
正在安装 : mysql-community-client-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64 3/11
正在安装 : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 4/11
正在安装 : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 5/11
正在安装 : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 6/11
正在安装 : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 7/11
正在安装 : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 8/11
正在安装 : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 9/11
正在安装 : mysql-community-server-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64 10/11
正在删除 : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 11/11
验证中 : mysql-community-common-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64 1/11
验证中 : mysql-community-server-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64 2/11
验证中 : mysql-community-client-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64 3/11
验证中 : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 4/11
验证中 : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 5/11
验证中 : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 6/11
验证中 : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 7/11
验证中 : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 8/11
验证中 : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 9/11
验证中 : mysql-community-libs-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64 10/11
验证中 : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 11/11
已安装:
mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.36-2.el7
mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.36-2.el7
作为依赖被安装:
mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.36-2.el7
mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.36-2.el7
perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7
perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7
perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7
perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7
perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7
perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7
替代:
mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos
完毕！
启动服务
- 启动mysql服务，
systemctl start mysqld：
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld
停止服务
- 停止mysql服务，
systemctl stop mysqld：
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop mysqld
服务状态
- 查看mysql服务启动状态，
systemctl status mysqld：
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Community Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 日 2017-07-02 12:32:21 CST; 17min ago
Process: 6350 ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start post (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 6279 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 6349 (mysqld_safe)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
├─6349 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr
└─6516 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --...
7月 02 12:32:18 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[6279]: 2017-07-02 ...
7月 02 12:32:20 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[6279]: 2017-07-02 ...
7月 02 12:32:20 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[6279]: PLEASE REME...
7月 02 12:32:20 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[6279]: To do so, s...
7月 02 12:32:20 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[6279]: /usr/bin/my...
7月 02 12:32:20 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[6279]: /usr/bin/my...
7月 02 12:32:20 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[6279]: Alternative...
7月 02 12:32:20 localhost.localdomain mysqld_safe[6349]: 170702 12:32:20 mys...
7月 02 12:32:20 localhost.localdomain mysqld_safe[6349]: 170702 12:32:20 mys...
7月 02 12:32:21 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community Se...
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
开机启动服务
- 设置开机自动启动mysql服务，
systemctl enable mysqld - 取消开机自动启动mysql服务，
systemctl disable mysqld - 重新加载配置，
systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable mysqld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service.
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
登录密码
- 安装后的mysql按回车键即可登录，修改mysql登录密码，
SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('admin');：
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.6.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('admin');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
字符集
- 修改
/etc/my.cnf，配置默认字符集，字符集名称必须与/usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml中一致，如下所示：
...
<charset name="utf8">
<family>Unicode</family>
<description>UTF-8 Unicode</description>
<alias>utf-8</alias>
<collation name="utf8_general_ci" id="33">
<flag>primary</flag>
<flag>compiled</flag>
</collation>
<collation name="utf8_bin" id="83">
<flag>binary</flag>
<flag>compiled</flag>
</collation>
</charset>
...
[root@localhost etc]# vi my.cnf
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
远程连接
- 远程连接设置，把在所有数据库的所有表的所有权限赋值给位于所有IP地址的root用户，
grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%'identified by 'mysql登录密码';：
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%'identified by 'admin';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
3306端口
- 防火墙开放3306端口：
[root@localhost etc]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp
success
[root@localhost etc]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@localhost etc]# firewall-cmd --query-port=3306/tcp
yes
删除暂存文件
- 删除暂存在
/usr/local/路径下的mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm：
[root@localhost local]# ls
apache-tomcat-7.0.78 include mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
bin lib sbin
etc lib64 share
games libexec src
[root@localhost local]# rm -rf mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost local]# ls
apache-tomcat-7.0.78 etc include lib64 sbin src
bin games lib libexec share